Consuming papaya seeds can present several potential side effects and health risks, especially when eaten in large quantities.[1]
- Toxic Substances: Papaya seeds contain benzyl isothiocyanate, a compound that may have antimicrobial and anticancer benefits in small amounts but is toxic at higher doses. Overconsumption can cause digestive problems, toxicity, nausea, vomiting, and even damage to vital organs.[1]
- Digestive Discomfort: Due to their high fiber content, excessive intake of papaya seeds might result in bloating, diarrhea, and stomach cramps, particularly for individuals with sensitive digestive tracts.[1][7]
- Fertility Issues: Animal studies suggest that papaya seeds can reduce sperm count and motility, potentially leading to temporary infertility in males. Effects in humans are not well-established, but individuals seeking to conceive should avoid high consumption.[1][2][3]
- Liver Toxicity: Extracts from papaya seeds have been shown in animal studies to damage liver cells, destroy DNA, and induce chronic liver injury that may lead to cirrhosis. The compound isothiocyanate found in seeds may contribute to these toxic effects.[2][3]
- Cyanide Content: Papaya seeds have trace amounts of cyanide, which could pose health risks if consumed in large amounts.[6]
- No Proven Benefits for Birth Control: The supposed contraceptive effects of papaya seeds are not supported for women. In animals, papaya seed consumption in females led to disrupted menstrual cycles and uterine damage.[2]
- Nausea and Vomiting: Nausea and vomiting can occur with papaya or its products, especially in sensitive individuals.[4]
- Risks for Lactating Mothers: Excess consumption is not recommended for breastfeeding mothers due to limited safety data.[7]
While eating papaya seeds in small, occasional amounts is unlikely to cause harm for most people, the evidence suggests that high or prolonged intake may carry significant health risks.
References
- [1] Expert Shares Potential Risks Of Consuming Papaya Seeds – OnlyMyHealth
- [2] DO NOT listen to viral videos that advocate eating papaya seeds – Times of India
- [3] Can You Eat Papaya Seeds? – Healthline
- [4] Papaya – Uses, Side Effects, and More – WebMD
- [6] Do Papaya Seeds Get Rid of Intestinal Parasites? – Cleveland Clinic
- [7] Amazing Papaya Seeds Benefits You Need to Know – PharmEasy