Side Effects

Keratin Treatment Side Effects

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Side Effects

Keratin treatments are popular for straightening and smoothing hair, but they can come with various side effects and potential health risks, largely due to the chemicals and heat used during the process[1].

  • Formaldehyde Exposure: Many keratin treatments contain or release formaldehyde, a chemical classified as a known carcinogen. Exposure can occur when formaldehyde is vaporized by the flat irons used during treatment, leading to risks for both clients and stylists. Side effects may include eye irritation, headaches, dizziness, sore throat, coughing, wheezing, nausea, chest pain, vomiting, and skin rashes[1][4][5]. Prolonged or repeated exposure increases the risk of chronic respiratory conditions, such as asthma and lung disease, and may contribute to cancer development[7].
  • Hair and Scalp Damage: The high temperatures and chemicals used can weaken hair strands, especially if already damaged. This may cause dryness, dullness, split ends, breakage, and higher hair porosity that makes the hair unable to retain moisture. Scalp irritation and allergic dermatitis are also possible, with symptoms like itchiness, rash, and even hair loss in severe cases[2][3][6].
  • Respiratory Issues: Both short-term and long-term inhalation of chemicals during application can lead to coughing, wheezing, sore throat, and difficulty breathing. Individuals with asthma or other respiratory issues may be especially sensitive[4][1].
  • Skin and Eye Irritation: Direct contact with treatment chemicals can cause skin reactions including irritation, itching, rash, swelling, and severe dermatitis. Eye exposure to vapors can cause burning, irritation, or conjunctivitis[4][1].
  • Quality of Treatment Matters: Risks are higher if low-quality products are used or the stylist lacks experience. Some products labeled as “formaldehyde-free” can still emit formaldehyde when heated, due to the presence of other chemicals like methylene glycol or formalin[4][5].
  • Alternatives and Precautions: Some formaldehyde-free options exist (e.g., using glyoxylic acid), but these may not achieve the same long-lasting results. It’s important to discuss product ingredients and safety measures with your stylist before treatment[5][7].

References

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