Sulpiride Side Effects

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Sulpiride can cause a range of side effects, varying in frequency and severity.

Common side effects include:

  • Drowsiness or insomnia[1]
  • Dizziness, headache[2]
  • Extrapyramidal symptoms (such as tremor, dystonia, akathisia, and parkinsonism)[2]
  • Restlessness, overstimulation[3]
  • Constipation, nausea, vomiting, indigestion, increased salivation[1]
  • Weight gain or loss[2]
  • Rash, skin sensitivity to sunlight[5]
  • Breast pain, increased milk production (galactorrhea), breast enlargement, menstrual disorders, erectile dysfunction[4]
  • Hyperprolactinemia (increased prolactin levels)[6]
  • Dry mouth, nasal congestion[2]
  • Impaired concentration[2]

Less common or rare side effects may include:

  • Movement disorders (tardive dyskinesia, acute dystonia, involuntary movements)[1]
  • Cardiovascular issues (QT prolongation, arrhythmia, postural hypotension, ventricular fibrillation, tachycardia, chest pain)[1]
  • Blood disorders (leukopenia)[1]
  • Gynecomastia[4]
  • Photosensitivity reactions[1]
  • Hypothermia, cholestatic jaundice[1]
  • Labored breathing, oculogyric crisis, anaphylactic shock (very rare)[8]
  • Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (rare but serious; characterized by muscle stiffness, high fever, confusion, fast heartbeat, sweating)[5]

Studies have shown that sulpiride is associated with a significant risk of extrapyramidal symptoms, such as dystonia (15.3%), akathisia (16.4%), parkinsonism (29.3%), and tremor (28.2%)[7].

Side effects are typically milder at therapeutic doses but can be severe with higher doses or in sensitive individuals. Always consult your healthcare provider if you experience unusual or persistent symptoms, especially symptoms such as difficulty breathing, severe rash, confusion, or sudden changes in movement.

References

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