Side Effects

Anesthesia Side Effects

Nausea and vomiting are among the most common side effects of general anesthesia, with up to 30% of patients experiencing these symptoms within the first few hours or days after surgery. This may be triggered by medications, type of surgery, or other factors[1][2][5].

Sore throat can occur due to the breathing tube used during surgery, leading to discomfort or hoarseness once the tube is removed[1][2][5][4].

Muscle aches and shivering are also frequent. Muscle relaxants and prolonged immobility during surgery may contribute to soreness and chills, which often occur as the anesthesia wears off[1][3][5].

Itching is a common side effect, especially if opioid pain medications are used during or after surgery[1][5].

Confusion, drowsiness, and grogginess are expected upon waking from anesthesia. These effects are typically temporary, but in older patients, confusion (postoperative delirium) can last for days or weeks[1][3][5].

Dizziness and forgetfulness may also occur as the brain recovers from the medication’s effects[3][5].

Bladder problems such as difficulty urinating can happen shortly after anesthesia[5].

Other potential complications, though much rarer, include:

  • Damage to teeth, lips, or airway structures from intubation[2][4].
  • Nerve injury or numbness from positioning during surgery[2][6].
  • Serious allergic reactions (anaphylaxis) to anesthesia drugs[2][6].
  • Aspiration pneumonitis, where stomach contents are inhaled into the lungs[2][6].
  • Long-term cognitive changes, especially in elderly or vulnerable patients[1][3].
  • Extremely rare events such as stroke, heart attack, or cardiac arrest[2][6].

Most side effects are temporary and improve as the anesthesia wears off. Your medical team monitors for side effects and serious complications after anesthesia to ensure patient safety[1][2].

References

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